英语定语从句复习必考知识点概括
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句,称为定语从句,也叫形容词性从句
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
（1）who, whom, that 代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：
   Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
   He is the man whom/ t hat I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
（2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：
   They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
   Please pass me the book  of which thecover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

（3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

背单词的好方法
随时随地背单词
不知不觉背单词
单词不用记

2. 关系副词引导的 定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
（1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。例如：
   Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
   Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
3. 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：看从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village  where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。
4. 限制性和非限制性定语从句
（1）定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
（2）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,  对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
说明：关系代词that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People may misunderstand what they used to be familiar with. I remembered a ____21____ professor was invited to our school, teaching stress management principles in a school hall ____22____ with students.
As she ____23____ a glass of water, every one of us expected we'd be asked the ____24____ “glass half-empty or glass half-full” question. ____25____, with a smile on her face, the professor asked, “How ____26____ is this glass of water I'm holding?”
All of us shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds.
She replied, “From my perspective, the absolute weight of this glass doesn't matter. It all ____27____ how long I hold it. If I hold it for a minute or two, it's fairly light. If I hold it for an hour straight, its weight might make my arm____28____ a little. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely cramp up and feel ____29____ numb (麻木的) and paralyzed, ____30____ me to drop the glass to the floor. In each case, the ____31____ of the glass doesn't change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it feels to me.”
As the whole class ____32____ our heads in agreement, she continued, “Your ____33____ and worries in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a while and ____34____ happens. Think about them a bit longer and you begin to ache a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel specially numb and paralyzed— ____35____ of doing anything else ____36____ you drop them.”
It's important to remember to ____37____ your stresses and worries. No matter what happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down. Don't ____38____ them through the night and into the next day with you. If you still feel the weight of ____39____ stress, it's a strong sign that it's time to put the ____40____ down.
21. A. physics B. psychology C. chemistry D. literature
22. A. filled B. decorated C. connected D. compared
23. A. raised B. pointed C. took D. drank
24. A. interesting B. meaningful C. typical D. personal
25  A. Therefore B. Besides C. Then D. Instead
26. A. heavy B. thin C. clean D. large
27. A. happens to B. agrees on C. contributes to D. depends on
28. A. bend B. injure C. sour D. ache
29. A. slightly B. surprisingly C. completely D. regularly
30. A. inviting B. forcing C. turning D. joining
31. A. shape B. appearance C. weight D. size
32. A. shook B. hung C. nodded D. lifted
33. A. joys B. stresses C. laughs D. thrills
34. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
35. A. ashamed B. incapable C. nervous D. competent
36. A. since B. after C. if D. until
37. A. let go of B. keep in mind C. fall back on D. take part in
38. A. carry B. forget C. enjoy D. avoid
39. A. last year's B. yesterday's C. today's D. this year's
40. A. ability B. duty C. glass D. attempt

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